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Post-Operative Advice for Dogs Recovering from cranial cruciate ligament disease TPLO Surgery

Writer's picture: Dr VanessaDr Vanessa

This X-Ray shows the metal plate in place after the bone has been rotated.
X-Rays after surgery for cranial cruciate ligament disease in a dog

This shows the screws in place following the completion of surgery.
Post Operative X-Rays after TPLO surgery

A tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) is a common and effective surgical procedure to treat cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) injuries in dogs. While the surgery itself is a critical step toward recovery, post-operative care plays an equally vital role in ensuring your dog regains full function and mobility. Proper care, patience, and adherence to veterinary advice will set the stage for a successful recovery. TPLO cranial cruciate ligament disease dog is one of the most common conditions in a lame dog.

What Is TPLO Surgery?

TPLO surgery involves altering the tibial plateau (the top part of the shin bone) to stabilize the knee joint without relying on the damaged cruciate ligament. This procedure is particularly effective for large, active breeds and offers a quicker return to mobility compared to other surgical techniques.

Immediate Post-Surgery Care

1. Post-Operative Monitoring

Once your dog returns home, monitor them closely for any signs of discomfort or complications. Common symptoms after surgery include swelling, mild bruising, and drowsiness due to anesthesia. However, excessive pain, significant swelling, or discharge at the incision site could indicate complications, and you should contact your veterinarian immediately.

2. Pain Management and Medication

Your veterinarian will prescribe pain relievers, anti-inflammatory medications, and possibly antibiotics. Administer these as directed and never give over-the-counter pain medications unless specifically approved by your vet, as some can be toxic to dogs.

3. Restrict Activity

Activity restriction is critical in the first 6–8 weeks post-surgery. Confine your dog to a small, safe area and use a leash when taking them outside for bathroom breaks. Jumping, running, and stairs should be avoided during this period to prevent stress on the healing knee.

Diet and Nutrition

A well-balanced diet supports healing and helps maintain a healthy weight. Overweight dogs place additional strain on their joints, potentially hindering recovery. Consult your veterinarian about portion sizes and consider supplements such as glucosamine and omega-3 fatty acids to support joint health.

Rehabilitation and Exercise

1. Controlled Leash Walks

Around 2–3 weeks post-surgery, your veterinarian may recommend short, controlled leash walks to encourage gentle movement. Gradually increase the duration and intensity under veterinary guidance.

2. Physical Therapy

Many dogs benefit from physical therapy to rebuild muscle strength and improve joint mobility. Techniques may include passive range-of-motion exercises, hydrotherapy, or laser therapy. Always consult your veterinarian or a certified canine rehabilitation specialist before beginning any therapy.

Caring for the Surgical Site

Keep the incision area clean and dry. Prevent your dog from licking or chewing the site by using an Elizabethan collar or a similar protective device. Inspect the area daily for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or oozing.

Long-Term Recovery

By 8–12 weeks post-surgery, most dogs show significant improvement in mobility. However, complete recovery can take up to six months. Gradually reintroduce activities like running and jumping only with veterinary approval. Regular follow-up visits, including X-rays, will ensure the bone is healing properly and that your dog is on track for a full recovery.

Conclusion

TPLO surgery offers hope and mobility to dogs suffering from CCL injuries, but the recovery process demands diligence and care. By following your veterinarian’s advice, maintaining a structured routine, and focusing on rehabilitation, you can help your dog return to an active, pain-free life. Remember, every dog heals at their own pace, so patience and love are key.

For more information or concerns, always consult your veterinarian to tailor post-operative care to your dog's specific needs.


TPLO cranial cruciate ligament disease dog.

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